Sports

Traditionally, sumo is considered Japan's national sport and it is one of the most popular spectator sports in Japan.[84] Martial arts such as judo, karate and kendō are also widely practiced and enjoyed by spectators in the country. After the Meiji Restoration, many Western sports were introduced in Japan and began to spread through the education system.[85]

The professional baseball league in Japan was established in 1936.[86] Today baseball is the most popular spectator sport in the country. One of the most famous Japanese baseball players is Ichiro Suzuki, who, having won Japan's Most Valuable Player award in 1994, 1995 and 1996, now plays in North American major league baseball.

Since the establishment of the Japan Professional Football League in 1992, association football (soccer) has also gained a wide following.[87] Japan was a venue of the Intercontinental Cup from 1981 to 2004 and co-hosted the 2002 FIFA World Cup with South Korea. Japan is one of the most successful soccer teams in Asia, winning the Asian Cup the most number of times (3).

Golf is also popular in Japan,[88] as is auto racing, the Super GT sports car series and Formula Nippon formula racing.[89]